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P-320W User’s Guide
168 Appendix B IP Subnetting
Note: In the following charts, shaded/bolded last octet bit values indicate host ID bits
“borrowed” to form network ID bits. The number of “borrowed” host ID bits
determines the number of subnets you can have. The remaining number of
host ID bits (after “borrowing”) determines the number of hosts you can have
on each subnet.
Table 76 Subnet 1
NETWORK NUMBER
LAST OCTET BIT
VALUE
IP Address 192.168.1. 0
IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001. 00000000
Subnet Mask 255.255.255. 128
Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111. 10000000
Subnet Address: 192.168.1.0 Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.1
Broadcast Address:
192.168.1.127
Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.126
Table 77 Subnet 2
NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT VALUE
IP Address 192.168.1. 128
IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001. 10000000
Subnet Mask 255.255.255. 128
Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111. 10000000
Subnet Address:
192.168.1.128
Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.129
Broadcast Address:
192.168.1.255
Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.254
The remaining 7 bits determine the number of hosts each subnet can have. Host IDs of all
zeros represent the subnet itself and host IDs of all ones are the broadcast address for that
subnet, so the actual number of hosts available on each subnet in the example above is 2
7
– 2
or 126 hosts for each subnet.
192.168.1.0 with mask 255.255.255.128 is the subnet itself, and 192.168.1.127 with mask
255.255.255.128 is the directed broadcast address for the first subnet. Therefore, the lowest IP
address that can be assigned to an actual host for the first subnet is 192.168.1.1 and the highest
is 192.168.1.126. Similarly the host ID range for the second subnet is 192.168.1.129 to
192.168.1.254.
- User’s Guide 1
- Copyright 3
- Federal Communications 4
- Statement 4
- Certifications 5
- Safety Warnings 6
- ZyXEL Limited Warranty 7
- Customer Support 8
- Customer Support 9 9
- P-320W User’s Guide 10
- 10 Customer Support 10
- Table of Contents 11
- Chapter 4 12
- List of Figures 17
- List of Tables 21
- About This User's Guide 25
- Related Documentation 25
- User Guide Feedback 25
- Syntax Conventions 25
- Graphics Icons Key 26
- CHAPTER 1 27
- 1.2.2 Non-Physical Features 28
- 1.2.3 Wireless Features 30
- Antenna 31
- WEP Encryption 31
- Association List 31
- 1.3.3 Front Panel LEDs 32
- CHAPTER 2 35
- Figure 4 Login 36
- Figure 5 Language Selection 36
- 2.3 Resetting the Prestige 37
- 2.4.1 Navigation Panel 39
- Table 4 Screens Summary 40
- 2.4.2 Summary: DHCP Table 41
- CHAPTER 3 45
- 3.2.1 System Name 46
- 3.2.2 Domain Name 46
- 3.3.1 Basic(WEP) Security 49
- Shared Key 50
- 3.3.3 OTIST 51
- Table 12 OTIST 52
- 3.4.2 PPPoE Connection Type 53
- 3.4.3 PPTP Connection Type 55
- 3.4.4 Your IP Address 56
- 3.4.5 WAN MAC Address 57
- Figure 24 WAN MAC Address 58
- Table 18 WAN MAC Address 58
- CHAPTER 4 61
- 4.2.3 Restricted Access 62
- 4.2.4 Hide Prestige Identity 62
- 4.2.5 Using OTIST 62
- Chapter 4 Wireless LAN 63 63
- 4.4.1 No Security 64
- 4.4.2 WEP Encryption 65
- 66 Chapter 4 Wireless LAN 66
- 4.4.3 Introduction to WPA 67
- 68 Chapter 4 Wireless LAN 68
- Figure 31 Wireless: WPA-PSK 68
- Table 23 Wireless: WPA-PSK 68
- Chapter 4 Wireless LAN 69 69
- 4.4.9 IEEE 802.1x Overview 70
- Chapter 4 Wireless LAN 71 71
- 4.5 OTIST 72
- Chapter 4 Wireless LAN 73 73
- Figure 35 Wireless: OTIST 73
- Table 26 Wireless: OTIST 73
- 4.5.1.2 Wireless Client 74
- 4.5.2 Starting OTIST 75
- 4.5.3 Notes on OTIST 75
- 4.6 MAC Filter 76
- Chapter 4 Wireless LAN 77 77
- Table 27 MAC Address Filter 77
- 78 Chapter 4 Wireless LAN 78
- Table 28 Wireless: Advanced 78
- Chapter 4 Wireless LAN 79 79
- 80 Chapter 4 Wireless LAN 80
- CHAPTER 5 81
- 5.4 TCP/IP Priority (Metric) 82
- 5.5 WAN MAC Address 83
- 5.6 Internet Connection 83
- 84 Chapter 5 WAN 84
- 5.6.2 PPPoE Encapsulation 85
- 86 Chapter 5 WAN 86
- 5.6.3 PPTP Encapsulation 87
- 88 Chapter 5 WAN 88
- Table 33 PPTP Encapsulation 88
- 5.7 Advanced WAN Screen 89
- 5.8 Traffic Redirect 90
- 5.9 Traffic Redirect Screen 90
- Chapter 5 WAN 91 91
- Table 35 Traffic Redirect 91
- 92 Chapter 5 WAN 92
- CHAPTER 6 93
- 6.3 IP Screen 94
- CHAPTER 7 95
- 7.3 Static DHCP Screen 96
- 7.4 Client List Screen 97
- 98 Chapter 7 DHCP Server 98
- Figure 53 Client List 98
- Table 39 Client List 98
- CHAPTER 8 99
- 8.1.2 What NAT Does 100
- 8.1.3 How NAT Works 100
- 8.1.4 NAT Application 101
- 8.2 General NAT Screen 103
- 8.3 Port Forwarding Screen 104
- 8.3.1 Rule Setup Screen 105
- 8.4 Trigger Port Forwarding 106
- Figure 61 NAT: Trigger Port 108
- Table 45 NAT: Trigger Port 108
- CHAPTER 9 109
- 9.2 General Firewall Screen 110
- 9.3 Services Screen 111
- 112 Chapter 9 Firewall 112
- Table 47 Firewall: Services 112
- 9.3.1 Services 113
- 114 Chapter 9 Firewall 114
- CHAPTER 10 115
- Figure 65 IP Static Route 116
- Table 49 IP Static Route 116
- Table 50 Static Route Setup 117
- CHAPTER 11 119
- 11.2 WWW Screen 120
- 11.3 SNMP 121
- 11.4 SNMP Screen 122
- 11.5 Security Screen 123
- CHAPTER 12 125
- 12.2 UPnP and ZyXEL 126
- 12.3 UPnP Screen 126
- Chapter 12 UPnP 127 127
- 128 Chapter 12 UPnP 128
- Chapter 12 UPnP 129 129
- 130 Chapter 12 UPnP 130
- Chapter 12 UPnP 131 131
- 132 Chapter 12 UPnP 132
- Figure 81 System Tray Icon 132
- Chapter 12 UPnP 133 133
- 134 Chapter 12 UPnP 134
- CHAPTER 13 135
- 13.3 Dynamic DNS 136
- 13.4 Dynamic DNS Screen 137
- 13.5 Time Setting Screen 137
- 138 Chapter 13 System 138
- Figure 88 Time Setting 138
- Table 58 Time Setting 138
- Chapter 13 System 139 139
- 140 Chapter 13 System 140
- CHAPTER 14 141
- 14.2 Log Settings 142
- Chapter 14 Logs 143 143
- Figure 90 Log Settings 143
- Table 60 Log Settings 143
- 144 Chapter 14 Logs 144
- CHAPTER 15 145
- 15.2 Configuration Screen 146
- 15.2.1 Backup Configuration 147
- 15.2.2 Restore Configuration 147
- 15.3 Restart Screen 148
- Chapter 15 Tools 149 149
- Figure 99 System Restart 149
- 150 Chapter 15 Tools 150
- CHAPTER 16 151
- 16.3 Problems with the WAN 152
- Figure 100 Pop-up Blocker 154
- Figure 102 Internet Options 156
- 16.6.1.2 JavaScripts 157
- 3 Scroll down to Scripting 158
- 16.6.1.3 Java Permissions 159
- 16.6.1.3.1 JAVA (Sun) 160
- APPENDIX A 163
- APPENDIX B 165
- Subnet Masks 166
- Subnetting 166
- Example: Two Subnets 167
- 168 Appendix B IP Subnetting 168
- Table 76 Subnet 1 168
- Table 77 Subnet 2 168
- Example: Four Subnets 169
- Example Eight Subnets 170
- Appendix B IP Subnetting 171 171
- 172 Appendix B IP Subnetting 172
- APPENDIX C 173
- Installing Components 174
- Configuring 175
- Windows 2000/NT/XP 176
- Macintosh OS 8/9 181
- Macintosh OS X 183
- Verifying Settings 184
- Using Configuration Files 186
- APPENDIX D 189
- How PPPoE Works 190
- ZyWALL as a PPPoE Client 190
- APPENDIX E 191
- Control & PPP Connections 192
- PPTP Protocol Overview 192
- PPP Data Connection 193
- 194 Appendix E PPTP 194
- APPENDIX F 195
- 196 Appendix F Wireless LANs 196
- Appendix F Wireless LANs 197 197
- Fragmentation Threshold 198
- Preamble Type 199
- IEEE 802.1x 200
- EAP Authentication 201
- Types of Authentication 202
- WEP Authentication Steps 203
- Dynamic WEP Key Exchange 204
- User Authentication 205
- Encryption 205
- Security Parameters Summary 206
- Appendix F Wireless LANs 207 207
- Figure 144 Roaming Example 207
- Requirements for Roaming 208
- APPENDIX G 209
- Types of Antennas For WLAN 210
- Numerics 211
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